Indexed color is a data compression technique used in computer graphics, especially when storing or transmitting color images. It is also sometimes called palette color or dithered color.
Indexed color is a form of vector quantization compression.
Indexed color is usually used with bitmap images (images composed of pixels, like photographs). When an image is stored in indexed color format, each pixel in the image is given a number between 0 and 255.
This number corresponds to a color in a predetermined palette of colors, which can be as small as 2 colors (black and white) or as large as 256 colors.
There are several advantages to using indexed color over other data compression techniques:
PRO TIP: Indexed color is a color mode in Photoshop that uses a limited palette of colors. This can cause banding and posterization in your image if you are not careful. Make sure to use a large color palette if you plan on using this color mode.
- Indexed color images take up less space than non-indexed images.
- Indexed color images can be displayed more quickly than non-indexed images.
- Indexed color images can be edited more easily than non-indexed images.
There are also some disadvantages to using indexed color:
- The limited number of colors in the palette can sometimes produce an unnatural looking image.
- The conversion from an RGB image to an indexed image can sometimes result in loss of detail.
What Is Indexed Color in Photoshop?
Photoshop uses Indexed Color to create smaller file sizes and support certain file formats that don’t support truecolor (RGB or CMYK). When you convert an image from RGB to Indexed Color, Photoshop uses a fixed palette of 256 colors. Not all colors are available; some colors are dithered (combinations of two or more colors that approximate the missing colors).
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